Summary
gRPC-Go: Heap Memory Exhaustion (OOM) via HTTP/2 DATA Frame Fragmentation
Advisory details
Impact
An unauthenticated remote attacker can initiate a gRPC stream and purposefully fragment their payload into millions of tiny (e.g., 1-byte) HTTP/2 DATA frames. Even if the total payload volume falls within the configured connection and stream flow-control windows, each independent fragment incurs memory overhead due to internal tracking structures and queue allocation.
Repeated fragmentation massively inflates the heap space consumed by the stream. An attacker multiplexing multiple concurrent streams can exhaust the memory bounds of the runtime, forcing a runtime panic or OutOfMemory condition and leading to a remote Denial of Service (DoS).
Patches
The change to fix this issue is merged in master and a patch release, 1.83.1, has been published that contains this fix.
Workarounds
This vulnerability is mitigated by implementing receive buffer compaction. Consecutive small data buffers are automatically coalesced into larger buffers from a shared pool once the overhead is perceived to be excessive relative to actual payload data, drastically minimizing per-frame memory overheads.
This behavior is enabled by default. A temporary escape hatch is provided via the environment variable GRPC_GO_EXPERIMENTAL_ENABLE_RECEIVE_BUFFER_COMPACTION=false to disable the feature if unforeseen issues arise, but it will be removed in a future release.
References
- https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-vp52-pcj8-j9qc
- https://github.com/grpc/grpc-go/security/advisories/GHSA-vp52-pcj8-j9qc
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-84304
- https://github.com/grpc/grpc-go/pull/9331
- https://github.com/grpc/grpc-go/pull/9333
- https://github.com/grpc/grpc-go/commit/7354d9c8debb4bcf2225bf429857078de310c176
- https://github.com/grpc/grpc-go/commit/8cfeca0e1ee5ea0980dcc320e20240fa1079ec77
- https://github.com/grpc/grpc-go/releases/tag/v1.83.1
Related vulnerabilities
All Supply chain →- MEDIUMCVE-2026-73556
vLLM: ReDoS via structured_outputs.regex in the lm-format-enforcer backend (no compile timeout) — missed sibling of GHSA-rwxx-mrjm-wc2m
- MEDIUMCVE-2026-71486
vLLM: Derender endpoints decode caller-supplied GenerateResponse token IDs without output bounds
- HIGHCVE-2026-67445
Mailpit: SMTP command parser buffers unbounded command lines before syntax rejection
- HIGHCVE-2026-67446
Mailpit: Thumbnail generation decodes unbounded image dimensions before scaling
- HIGHCVE-2026-82397
Tornado: Urlencoded body parsing omits max_num_fields, so one request can stall the event loop
- MEDIUMCVE-2026-81723
NLTK: Quadratic CPU Exhaustion in `XMLCorpusView._read_xml_fragment()`